vnc x11vnc

x11vnc is an vnc server program to replace vnc4server/vncserver

-no any setting
-completely same syntax with vncserver:
x11vnc---start vnc server:0.....
x11vnc -kill :0---switch the display off.

Cygwin

Cygwin越用越好用,不仅可以作为windows上的unix like系统,还可以作为x server for windows,而且还可以在其中添加MingW的gcc,g++,装了个这东西基本其他都不用装了就能玩转linux,eclipse东西.

比我聪明太多了

多年以来一直的遗憾,不知道怎么玩魔方,改天谁要送我礼物,就这玩意让我益益智吧.哈

vmware server console

There is a bug with VMware Server 1.03:
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/app-install-data-commercial/+bug/115295

change /etc/pam.d/vmware-auth to read as follows:

#%PAM-1.0
auth required pam_unix_auth.so shadow nullok
account required pam_unix_acct.so

##########################
Confirmed 8/1/07 on a fresh install on Feisty (7.04) server. VMWare Server 1.0.3 will not allow a remote login until the change to vmware-auth above is implemented
##########################

In this case, host and client all can work well and smoothly with low memory usage.Amazing.

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vmware server

The ability of VMware Server to run virtual machines
"behind-the-scenes" is a great boon. This means you no longer have to
have the GUI screen open on your desktop, taking up valuable screen
real-estate. It also means that you can switch your virtual machines to another
machine that is constantly up and have your virtual machines available to you
at any time, keeping them up and running around the clock. Running the server
without a GUI interface makes it more difficult to control the machines, but
with a little effort, you can get the same functionality via the command line. You
will still want the GUI in order to change configuration options and create new
machines, however.

The vmware-cmd
program is your gateway to controlling virtual machines. The general syntax of the
vmware-cmd for use with a VMware
Server instance on the same machine is:

$ vmware-cmd [config] [option] ...

Assume you have a virtual machine of Mandriva in /var/lib/vmware/Virtual Machines/Mandriva.
To get the status of the machine—whether it's on or off—you would use:

$ vmware-cmd /var/lib/vmware/Virtual\ Machines/Mandriva/Mandriva.vmx getstate

VMControl: use vnc for unifiedDraw

getstate() = off

As you can see, the virtual machine is turned off. To start
this virtual machine you would use:

$ vmware-cmd /var/lib/vmware/Virtual\ Machines/Mandriva/Mandriva.vmx start

VMControl: use vnc for unifiedDraw

start() = 1

If you have the vmware-console running at the same time, you
would see the virtual machine start. This is an easy way to start virtual
machines at boot: simply call vmware-cmd
with the configuration of each virtual machine that you want to start and the start command in a script like /etc/rc.d/rc.local.

Prior to shutting down your machine, you can signal the
virtual machines in a similar manner by using the suspend command. This will suspend each virtual machine to disk,
allowing you to issue the start
command later to resume the machine from where you left off. Obviously,
suspending a machine will make starting it up much faster than doing a full
shutdown and start each time you have to restart the host system.

Looking at the output of vmware-cmd
-h will give you a lot of other options that you can play with to
manipulate virtual machines. The ability to start, suspend, and stop virtual
machines from the command line (or a script) is perhaps vmware-cmd's most useful feature.

Delivered each Tuesday, TechRepublic's free Linux NetNote
provides tips, articles, and other resources to help you hone your
Linux skills.

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x server on windows

Secure ssh

On your Windows machine:

1. Make sure you have the openssh package
   installed.

2. Launch Cygwin/X, then run
   
   

   Username@CygwinHost ~ $ startxwin.bat

   
   This just starts xterm for windows users and something else. For Vista, it's really hassle to do it. Sometimes you need repeat the command many times with error message.
   

3. Run the following in an X terminal:

   Username@CygwinHost ~ $ ssh -Y(or:-X) -l username remote_hostname_or_ip_address

   
   In linux, just run last command within xterm, it will work.
   

4. Enter your password when prompted by
   ssh.

5. Your ssh session should now show you a shell
   prompt for your remote machine.

6. You can now launch remote X clients in your
   ssh session, for example, firefox &, and even another
   xterm& will launch an xterm running on your
   remote host that will display on your Cygwin/X screen.

7. Launch other remote clients in the same manner. I recommend
   starting the remote clients in the background, by appending
   & to the command name, so that you don't have to
   open several ssh sessions.
   
   
   
   
   ################################################
   
   
   if got errors like:
   
   "error in locking authority file .Xauthority".
   
   then run:
   
   
   

   xauth -b quit

   
   

   This will create a new .Xauthority for the user.

   
   

   
   ##########################################
   
   Xming and Cygwin/x can do same job as X server for Windows.但是要注意,登录用户的home,即~里的文件的owner和group要属于登录用户.否则,X server can not be authorized.会出现如上的Errors.
   
   用如下命令搞定:
   sudo chown user:user .*
   sudo chown user:user *
   
   

辣白菜制作原料

白菜,盐,葱,洋葱,大蒜,酱油,糖;
辣粉,糯米粉,鱼露

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ubuntu's runlevel

Ubuntu default init setting:

/etc/event.d/rc-default:

Modify the 3rd line from bottom to the default runlevel you like.

Here, to modify rcX.d to configure how different runlevel behaves.

########################

Linux run levels are numbered 0 through 6. Run levels stop at six for practical and historical reasons, but it is entirely possible to have more if desired.

The following table summarizes the User Linux run levels:

* 0 System Halt
* 1 Single user
* 2 Full multi-user mode (Default)
* 3-5 Same as 2
* 6 System Reboot

Special Run Levels

Run level 0 is the system halt condition. Nearly all modern X86 computers will power off automatically when run level 0 is reached. Older X86 computers, and various different architectures will remain powered on and display a message referring to the halt condition.

Run Level 1 is known as ’single user’ mode. A more apt description would be ‘rescue’, or ‘trouble-shooting’ mode. In run level 1, no daemons (services) are started. Hopefully single user mode will allow you to fix whatever made the transition to rescue mode necessary.

(You can boot into single user mode typically by using your boot loader, lilo or grub, to add the word ’single’ to the end of the kernel command line).

Run levels 2 through 5 are full multi-user mode and are the same in a default User Linux (Debian) system. It is a common practice in other Linux distributions to use run level 3 for a text console login and run level 5 for a graphical login.

Run level 6 is used to signal system reboot. This is just like run level 0 except a reboot is issued at the end of the sequence instead of a power off.

In the interests of completeness, there is also a runlevel ‘S’ that the system uses on it’s way to another runlevel. Read the man page for the init command (”For manpage click here”) for more information, but you can safely skip this for all practical purposes.

Run Levels Location

Like everything else in a Linux system, run levels are defined by files in the file system. All the run level files are found in the /etc directory according to the following table:

/etc/rc0.d Run level 0
/etc/rc1.d Run level 1
/etc/rc2.d Run level 2
/etc/rc3.d Run level 3
/etc/rc4.d Run level 4
/etc/rc5.d Run level 5
/etc/rc6.d Run level 6

Each defined run level should have an rcX.d directory where X is the run level number. The contents of the rcX.d directory determines what happens at that run level.

Change run levels in Debian and Ubuntu Linux

Before we change run levels it might help to find out which run level is current. Use the ‘runlevel’ command to tell you two things: The last run level, and the current run level. Here is the command and the output shown together due to the sparsity of the output:

# runlevel N 2

The ‘N’ stands for none, meaning there has been no run level change since powering up.

The init system controls run levels, but then again, the init system pretty much controls everything. The init system will be looked at in detail in a future article.

The primary command used to change run levels is ‘telinit’.

#telinit 3

telinit takes one argument on the command line. As always, see the man page for full details. Normally the argument will be one of: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6, or the letter ‘S’. As you may have guessed, the numbers correspond to the run level you wish to move to. Using the ‘S’, for single-user, is the same as the number 1, but don’t do it; the ‘S’ runlevel is intended for use by the UserLinux (Debian)system.

A note of caution is warranted here. You can easily use the telinit command to reboot (run level 6), or shutdown (run level 0) the system, but it is not recommended. Certain programs need special processing for an orderly shutdown. Bypassing the expected shutdown sequence can have dire effects on your data. Older _Unix_ systems are especially sensitive to shutdown/bootup operations.

The preferred method for a serious runlevel change is ’shutdown’. There are easier mnemonics, but in a running system they all point to the ’shutdown’ command. You can use the ‘halt’, or ‘poweroff’ command to stop a system and the ‘reboot’ command to restart your system. In each case they call the ’shutdown’ command with different parameters.

If you wanted runlevel 3 to be the default, then you need to edit /etc/inittab.

# The default runlevel.

id:2:initdefault:

You’d change the ‘2′ to a ‘3′. Next time you reboot, your system will start in runlevel 3. There will be no display manager running in runlevel 3, because you turned it off. Therefore, runlevel 3 will become text only, and it will be the default. If that’s what you want to do.

Adding a new service

You can only add a new service to the boot sequence if a script in /etc/init.d exists. In that case the following command will install it with default settings (foo being the name of a script in /etc/init.d).

#update-rc.d foo default

Removing a service

A service may only be removed after the script in /etc/init.d as deleted already. If so, the following command will remove its references (foo being the name of a script in /etc/init.d).

#update-rc.d foo remove

If you want to remove a service without removing the start/stop script as well, you may consider using the file-rc package and editing the runlevel configuration file /etc/runlevel.conf. When using the SysV method you should rename the start/stop script, then call update-rc.d and then rename the start/stop script back to its old name.

Some of the content for this article source from here

VMware fusion, amazing. similar to Xming.

最近又安装Mac OS X来玩,这次主要是为了试试VMware Fusion这个东西.以前大费周折地用VMware+rdesktop才在Ubuntu运行起了Windows的原生程序,据说在Fusion下只是点几下鼠标而已.

这次一试,果然不同凡响.请看我的图文解说:

系统概况:Mac OS X 10.4.9+VMware Fusion with Deepin XP

每张图均可点击看1280×800的大图：

要使Fusion里的虚拟Windows XP运行在原生模式下，必须让虚拟机切换到“Unity”模式，这样虚拟机就在后台工作了，你根本不用理会它的存在。

你可以直接点Applications，它会调用Windows XP的开始菜单，用这个可以方便打开Windows程序。

但是有些程序开始菜单没有怎么办？那你可以打开资源管理器，自己去开启，凡是启动过一次的exe文件，以后就会出现在Applications──Lauch这里，可谓十分智能！

图为Windows的资源管理器和Mac的Finder和谐共处：

这张图就是Windows的IE打开LDCN的样子，后面还有腾讯的广告也跳出来了。因为我在后台开着QQ。哈哈。

注意到IE的图标，在dock上与其他Mac程序无异吧。

这次开起来了Windows Media Player，没什么好讲的，效果还是不错。

这次把 QQ开起来了，再注意到右侧，就是Lauch工具了，好像只要是exe和指向exe的快捷方式都会出现在这里，方便启动相关程序。

还有很多图就不放了，Windows程序与Mac的结合性非常好，无论是平铺还是dock上的操作、缩小都与原生Mac程序没什么区别。

回顾LDCN以前的相关文章，那种方法好麻烦啊，期待VMware Fusion登陆Linux平台。

LDCN供稿,LDCN(即LinuxDesktop.cn的缩写),中文名──“Linux桌面中文网”,是一个由在校大学生发起的,旨在让所有Linuxer一起参与、更新的Linux资讯、应用互动型社区站点.

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intitle:"index.of"(mp3)anythingyouwant

intitle:"index.of"(mp3)anythingyouwant

search mp3 or some document with intitle is so efficient.

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sonicstage: non_unicode program sucks

For me, the sonicstage is absolutely a piece of junk.

1.v3.x doesn't support NW-S series.
2.v4.0 big bug about errors "selected music file cannot be played back sonicstage", which always happen when you restart sonicstage.
the Chinese Characters can not be shown properly in sonicstage, but on player, no problem. this is what I can stand for, and I have to, because Sonicstage can import *.m3u playlist files, so even in sonicstage can not recognize Chinese correctly, it doesn't matter.
3.v4.2 and 4.3, Chinese character can be shown correctly, but on Player, all are rubbish codes.
4. All the version can not import files including Chinese.

Conclusion, have to use Chinese Windows OS.

========================================

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonicstage
从这里找到一个完全可以替换sonicstage的软件：SWex.它是unicode的程序，所以可以任意文件名drag and drop；并且可以同时在软件和player里显示中文。

但是奇怪的是：mp3的tag，最好只用一个程序去修改，或者是Explorer或者是foobar，如果混用，结果就会使得mp3的size变大一些，这样的mp3 copy到player里就会使得音调改变。
我试过当在foobar修改过，然后再用windows的property里修改，在album内容中如果修改7次（比如每次加一个字母a，下次b。。。到g),重新查看这个mp3的property，其size就变化了，如果单独用Explorer或者foobar修改多少次都无所谓。

而且，当传输完毕后，不要立刻plug off，看player上的显示，体质了accesss图示，再plug off，否则很容易出现no data的error on player。

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c program with input and output argument

main()主函数

每一C 程序都必须有一main()函数, 可以根据自己的爱好把它放在程序的某个地方。有些程序员把它放在最前面,
而另一些程序员把它放在最后面, 无论放在哪个地方,以下几点说明都是适合的。

1. main() 参数

在Turbo C2.0启动过程中, 传递main()函数三个参数: argc, argv和env。

* argc: 整数, 为传给main()的命令行参数个数。
* argv: 字符串数组。

在DOS 3.X 版本中, argv[0] 为程序运行的全路径名; 对DOS 3.0

以下的版本, argv[0]为空串("") 。 argv[1] 为在DOS命令行中执行程序名后的第一个字符串;argv[2] 为执行程序名后的第二个字符串; argv[argc]为NULL。
*env: 安符串数组。env[] 的每一个元素都包含ENVVAR=value形式的字符串。其中ENVVAR为环境变量如PATH或87。value为ENVVAR的对应值如C:\DOS, C:\TURBOC(对于PATH)或YES(对于87)。

Turbo C2.0启动时总是把这三个参数传递给main()函数, 可以在用户程序中说明(或不说明)它们,如果说明了部分(或全部)参数, 它们就成为main()子程序的局部变量。

请注意: 一旦想说明这些参数, 则必须按argc, argv, env 的顺序, 如以下的例子:

main()
main(int argc)
main(int argc, char *argv[])
main(int argc, char *argv[], char *env[])

其中第二种情况是合法的, 但不常见, 因为在程序中很少有只用argc, 而不用argv[]的情况。以下提供一样例程序EXAMPLE.EXE, 演示如何在main()函数中使用三个参数:

/*program name EXAMPLE.EXE*/

#include;
#include;
main(int argc, char *argv[], char *env[])
{

int i;

printf("These are the %d command- line arguments passed to main:\n\n", argc);

for(i=0; i<=argc; i++)

printf("argv[%d]:%s\n", i, argv[i]);

printf("\nThe environment string(s)on this system are:\n\n");

for(i=0; env[i]!=NULL; i++)

printf(" env[%d]:%s\n", i, env[i]);
}
如果在DOS 提示符下, 按以下方式运行EXAMPLE.EXE:

C:\example first_argument "argument with blanks" 3 4 "last but one"
stop!

注意: 可以用双引号括起内含空格的参数, 如本例中的: " argument with blanks"和"Last but one")。

结果是这样的:

The value of argc is 7

These are the 7 command-linearguments passed to main:

argv[0]:C:\TURBO\EXAMPLE.EXE

argv[1]:first_argument

argv[2]:argument with blanks

argv[3]:3

argv[4]:4

argv[5]:last but one

argv[6]:stop!

argv[7]:(NULL)

The environment string(s) on this system are:

env[0]: COMSPEC=C:\COMMAND.COM
env[1]: PROMPT=$P$G

/*视具体设置而定*/

env[2]: PATH=C:\DOS;C:\TC /*视具体设置而定*/

应该提醒的是: 传送main() 函数的命令行参数的最大长度为128 个字符 (包括参数间的空格),

这是由DOS 限制的。

latex template

\documentclass{report}%\documentclass[12pt]{report}%seems only 12pt is an option for the class of report, others do not work, so not every number is meaningful and useful for the whole article.

\setlength{\parindent}{0pt} % indent of paragraph

\setlength{\parskip}{10pt} % distance between paragraphs

\setlength{\itemsep}{-5pt}

%\usepackage[top=1in,bottom=1in,left=1.25in,right=1.25in]{geometry}

%% Because here macro:geometry is used, so the following 4 setting is invalid

%\setlength{\topmargin}{0pt}%

%\setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}%

%\setlength{\rightmargin}{0pt}%

\usepackage{setspace} %linespace

\onehalfspacing % or \doublespacing \setstretch{3}

\usepackage{graphicx}

\title{The Template of Latex Report}

\author{Cross Zheng\\

PhotoPhysics Research Centre\\

London South Bank University\\

\texttt{zhengx@lsbu.ac.uk}

}

% \date{17 Apr 1984}

\begin{document}

\large

%\fontsize{10}{15}%12pt type, with 15pt leading; compared with \large, the latter is easier.

%% the number for size of font is depending on the 'large','huge',etc,. Not each number is meaningful and useful.

% \maketitle%The title of the ``article'' with date, not suitable for report,
%% only \title,\author,\thanks,\date are the optional parameters.
%% for report, \titlepage is suitable.

\begin{quote}

Here I just list the commands I always use to decorate my reports...\emph{Cross Zheng}

\end{quote}

\begin{abstract}

without DOUBLE SLASH only emptyline

without emptyline only DOUBLE SLASH \\

DOUBLE SLASH plus emptyline\\

From above we know that DOUBLE SLASH is for newline within a paragrah,

while emptyline is for new paragraph.\\

aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb

cccccccccccccccccccc

aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb

cccccccccccccccccccc\\

aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa\\

bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb\\

cccccccccccccccccccc\\

\emph{ So DOUBLE SLASH is for new line and an empty line is for new paragraph}\\

above sentence is emphasized.

\end{abstract}

\tableofcontents

\newpage

\chapter{First Chapter}

\section{Some Formats can be used in paragraph}

\label{someformat}

You may want to write things \textsf{in a sans-serif font},

or \texttt{in a typewriter font}, or \textsl{in a slanted font}

(which is \emph{slightly different} than italics).

Sometimes it pays \textsc{to write things in small capitals}.

You can next go to \textbf{bold and then \textsl{bold and slanted} and

then back to just bold} again.

\subsection{Three ways to emphasize the words}

{\em emphasize Part 1}\\%\\ + emptyline makes a new paragraph, only \\ just newline,andempty line

\emph{emphasize Part 2}\\

\begin{em}

emphasize Part 3

\end{em}

%\indent % Empty line between paragraphs

\subsection{Itemize and enumerate}

\label{itemandenum}

The following is itemize

\begin{itemize} %\setlength{\itemsep}{-\itemsep} %here is for modification of distance between items

\item some days where nothing goes right?

\item times when you just cannot get a decent telephone connection?

\item years when drought follows drought?

\item long periods when gusts of wind come thick and fast?

\end{itemize}

The following is enumerate

\begin{enumerate}

\item start with a bar of some length;

\item then remove its middle third to leave two separate thirds;

\item then remove the middle thirds of these to leave four separate ninths;

\item then remove the middle thirds of these to obtain eight separate twenty-sevenths;

\item and so on.

\end{enumerate}

\subsection{Figure and Table}

\begin{figure}[htp]%[htp] is for absolute position where the figure should appear. otherwize the figure will be on the top of the page.

\centering

\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{figu.jpg} %%for pdflatex,JPEG is ok. but for dvi, EPS works.

\caption{steps in the construction of a Cantor set.}

\label{F:fig1}

\end{figure}

Construct the tabular set in the following manner:

\begin{table}[htp]%[htp] is for absolute position where the figure should appear. otherwize the figure will be on the top of the page.

\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}[t]{|c|c|} %\begin{tabular}[t]{|l|ccccc|c|} here [t] is vertical alignment,{|l|ccccc|c|} is column alignment.

%\multicolumn{2}{c}{USAMTS Scores Round 1}\\ % some kind of same with previous line,just caption here.

\hline

Object & Dimension \\

\hline

point & 0 \\

The item and enum, \S\ref{itemandenum} & AAAAAAA \\

line & 1 \\

Math and Equation, \S\ref{me} & BBBBBB \\

plane & 2 \\

How to quote, \S\ref{reftoqutote} & CCCCCCC \\

solid & 3 \\

\hline

\end{tabular}

\caption{common Euclidean and fractal objects and their fractal

dimension.}

\label{T:tab1}

\end{center}

\end{table}

\section{Math and Equation}

\label{me}

Here will list some different style of the maths:

\subsection{Embedded Math}

\label{embeded}

\(3\times 3\times 3 + math display style\) \\% \( and \) for math display

alternatively,it can be like this

\begin{math}

3\times 3\times 3

\end{math}

\( N\propto d^{-2} \) a math in para. also it can be embedded in para like this

\begin{displaymath}

\frac{4A}{\pi d^2}

\end{displaymath}

\subsection{Various Equations}

\label{vequ}

The followings are equations:\\

the relation between \(N \) and \( d \) involves a fractional exponent \( D \):

\begin{equation}

N\propto d^{-D}.

\label{eqf}

\end{equation}

Such an object of the fraction \( D \). Here D is math style.

\begin{equation}

s = \frac{\delta+\theta^{2}_{3}}{\left(a+b\right)}

% s = \left(a+b\right)/\deta

\label{equ:a}

\end{equation}

\begin{equation}

s = (\delta+\theta)/\left(a+b\right)*

% s = \left(a+b\right)/\deta

\label{equ:b}

\end{equation}

If any format is unclear, one way is to use TeXnicCenter to generate the codes,

the other way is just to google.

\section{Ref to quote}

\label{reftoqutote}

The Ref mechanism is very powerful. Even section can be quoted in another

para or table easily, no matter the appearing sequence.

In the table~\ref{T:tab1}, three sections are quoted from different

positions\footnote{The sequence is disorder, but the quote still works

properly}.\\

Here I used footnote as another reference style.\\

Of course, the Figure~\ref{F:fig1} and Table~\ref{T:tab1} can be quoted as

normal functions. But Reference is quoted in another way by ``cite'', here~\cite{ref2}.

\newpage

\begin{thebibliography}{99}% The thebibliography environment produces a bibliography or reference list. In the article style, this reference list is labeled "References"; in the report style, it is labeled "Bibliography".

\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{References}% Add a chapter title to the contents page.

\bibitem{ref1} B.~B.~Mandelbrot, \emph{The fractal geometry of

nature}, 1983 .

\bibitem{ref2} H.~Kornberg, \emph{J.\ Irreducible Results}.

\bibitem{ref3} L.~F.~Richardson, somewhere and sometime in the

1920s..

\end{thebibliography}

\end{document}

what's latex

clipped from learn.tsinghua.edu.cn:8080 TeX 是什么？ TeX 是一个排版系统。用 TeX，你可以把你的文章做成书那种效 果。你可以把它打印出来，或者送到出版社投稿。TeX 非常适合用来 写学术论文和书籍。 排版 Word 也可以啊！TeX 跟 Word, WordPerfect 有什么不一 样？ Word 和 WordPerfect 是“字处理程序”(word processor)，它 们是“所见即所得(WYSIWYG)”的，你直接修改字体，颜色，用鼠标 画出表格…… 马上就可以看到效果。屏幕上显示出来是什么效果， 印出来基本上就是那个效果。而 TeX 不是，你输入的都是文本文件， 需要一个程序(当然就是tex了)处理之后才能得到一个排版后的结果。 那样的话 TeX 还不如 Word 呢！ Word 这样所见即所得的程序写科技论文是很累的。这会使你的脑 子总是想着专业排版人员考虑的问题，比如 “这个单词使用什 么字体呢？”，“这行应该缩进多少呢？” 这样就没有什么时 间用来思考语言和内容了。所以 TeX 被设计为“WYTIWYG （所 想即所得）”。 用TeX写文章，他想的是 “这一段是否应该属于上一节呢？”， “这句话跟我这章的主题符合吗？”，“是否应该开始新的一章 呢？”，“这个概念读者是否容易理解呢？”…… 你告诉 TeX 的 是：“这是一章开始”，“这个单词应该强调”， “这里是一段 诗”……就像在对他的秘书口授机宜。而不是告诉她：“这是第3章， 应该用黑体三号字，开头有一个‘双S'，……”，“这个单词用斜 体楷体小四”， “左右缩进各一英寸，右边不要对齐，换用小一号 花体”……这些是秘书的事情，不用你操心。 TeX 就是你优雅而聪明的秘书。你写论文的时候，能专注于逻辑 思维。她排出的数学公式是无与伦比的漂亮，所以数学家最喜欢这个 东西。 你比较一下 Word 和 LaTeX 生成的的PDF文档就可以发现： 远远看去，LaTeX 文档格式更加均称，黑白程度均匀，而 Word 文档是黑一块的白一块，字符密度不均匀。 仔细看看，你就知道原因了。 Word 文档里上下两行经常有 这种情况，上一行的单词间距很宽，而下面一行却很窄。这在排 版美学上是非常不好的。相临行的单词间据应该尽量相同。

Chelsea VS Manchester United

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茶叶蛋做法

clipped from cdcd.scol.com.cn 材料： A 鸡蛋 10个 盐 15克 乌龙茶1杯(240ml) B 五香粉 1大匙(15ml) 八角 12克 花椒 7.5克 干姜 12克 丁香4克 盐15克 调味料 酱油 120ml 冰糖 1大匙 做法： 1、蛋洗净放入锅中，加水盖过鸡蛋，再加入盐拌一下，大火烧至沸腾后，中火煮 10分钟，捞起鸡蛋放入冷水中浸泡一下，再将蛋壳用汤匙均匀敲裂。 (若煮的过程中鸡蛋破裂，放入的盐可使蛋白较快地凝固。) 2、砂锅加入适量水，倒入材料B以中火煮至开后加入调味料，然后放入鸡蛋及乌 龙茶叶，水火煮40分钟后熄火，浸泡约1小时入味，美味的茶叶蛋就做好罗

Blogger Icon changing

Have you wondered how these little icons appear next to the web addresses, like the one you see above? When you visit the sites or bookmark them, these icons will make these URLs stand out. These are “Favicons” or “Favorite Icons”.

You would first need to have an icon which you would like to use, bearing the extension .ico format. If you search your hard disk, you might find some icons which are generic. I would suggest that you create one to represent your own unique identity. There are quite a number of free icon editor software which you can download from the net.

As for myself, I went to Download.com site, and downloaded a very small program called Imagicon which can transform images into .ico format. I created an image using Photoshop. You can use any image or pictures if you do not wish to create one. Next, run the program. It is rather simple to use. While you can create icons in 2 sizes – 16x16 and 32x32 – I would think a 16x16 icon is preferable since it is readable in most older browsers.

If you do not wish to download any software, you may also try creating an icon online. Just enter the keywords “online icon generator” into your Google search bar, and you should be able to find several programs that you can try.

Once you have created an icon, save it into your hard disk. The next step of attaching the icon is a little tricky. Ideally, all you need to do is to save it in the root directory of your blog site. Nevertheless, there is no way this can be done. For one, if you try to upload an icon image, Blogger will reject it. Two, any file that is uploaded will not go into the Blogger root directory.

The only method to use will be to upload the icon into some web folder, and create a link. A lot of us do not have personal websites. I created one using Google Page Creator. You can also use the free Google Groups to host your file. For more information on how you can upload files on either of these 2 platforms, you may read the article on Using Google Page Creator and Google Groups.

Once you have done that, take note of the URL of your icon. If you are using Google Page Creator, hovering your mouse over the link, you will see that the file is stored under a directory which looks like this http://yourname.googlepages.com/iconname.ico
where “yourname” is your Gmail account name, and “iconname” is the file name. Copy this URL.

Go back to your Blogger dashboard and under the Template tab, go to “Edit HTML”. Near the top you will see a line like this:-

<#title#><#data:blog.pageTitle/#><#/title#>

Copy and insert the following code below the above line:-

<#link rel="shortcut icon" href="URL of your icon file"/#>

p.s. # should be deleted when you put the codes in your HTML CODES.

Remember to type in the “URL of your icon file”.

Save the template. When you refresh your blog site, you should see your nice little Favicon next to the blog address.

From site: http://tips-for-new-bloggers.blogspot.com/2007/02/adding-favicon-icon-to-blogger-url.html